Recent Innovations in Psychology

Recent Innovations in Psychology

The Mediating Role of Cognitive Styles on the Relationship Between Perceived Parenting Styles and Autonomous Research Motivation in University Students

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Farahangiz Nademi 1
Talieh Saeidi Rezvani 2
1 MSc. in Educational Psychology, Hasheminejad Campus, Farhangian University, Mashhad, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student of Educational Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
10.22034/rip.2024.468269.1046
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parental involvement, autonomy support and warmth and students' autonomous research motivation as well as to examine the mediating role of cognitive styles in this regard. In descriptive and correlational design, 317 female undergraduate students were selected using a quota sampling method from Shahid Hasheminejad Campus of Farhangian University of Mashhad. The Perception of Parents Scale (POPS), the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), and the Motivation Research Scale (MRS) were used to collect the data. The path analysis demonstrated that the effect of perception of parental autonomy support and warmth, when mediated by cognitive style, has a positive impact on autonomous research motivation. The impact of parental involvement with cognitive style mediation on research autonomous motivation was found to be negative. Therefore, parents can lead their children from amotivation that is the low level of motivation to the autonomous motivation in research behaviors by satisfying the needs of autonomy support, belonging and influencing their children's cognitive style.
Keywords
Cognitive Style
Perceived Parenting Styles
Autonomous Research Motivation
Subjects
 
Adib, Y., Rezaei, A., & Sobhi Laleh, S. (2013). A study of the relationship between the cognitive styles (Field dependence & Field intendance) with learning and the studying methods among the third grade theoretical high-school female students in Tabriz in 2010-2011. Journal of Instruction and Evaluation, 5(20), 77-92 (In Persian). URL: https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/jinev/Article/972635.
Aydın, G., & Michou, A. (2020). Self‐determined motivation and academic buoyancy as predictors of achievement in normative settings. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(4), 964-980. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12338
Bahar, M. (2003). The effect of instructional methods on the performance of the students having different cognitive styles. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(24), 318-246. URL: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/87844
Barghi, I. (2019). The level of information literacy and research motivation of students based on the use of virtual social networks. Academic Librarianship and Information Research, 52(4), 147-163 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22059/jlib.2019.260478.1334
Blais, M. R., Sabourin, S., Boucher, C., & Vallerand, R. J. (1990). Toward a motivational model of couple happiness. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 59(5), 1021-1031. URL: https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/1991-12465-001
Block, J., Kogan, N., & Block, J. H. (1998). Parental teaching strategies and children’s cognitive style. International Journal of Educational Research, 29(3), 187-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-0355(98)00024-X
Chen, C. M., & Tsai, Y. N. (2012). Interactive augmented reality system for enhancing library instruction in elementary schools. Computers & Education, 59(2), 638-652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.03.001
Chen, K. C., & Jang, S. J. (2010). Motivation in online learning: Testing a model of self-determination theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(4), 741-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.01.011
Cohen, J. (2016). A power primer. In A. E. Kazdin (Ed.), Methodological issues and strategies in clinical research (4th ed., pp. 279–284). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14805-018
 Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality. Journal of research in personality, 19(2), 109-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(85)90023-6
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Dordi, M. M., & Pol, M. S. (2018). Relationship of Parenting Styles with Personality and Academic Motivation among Adolescents. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 6(1), 152-159. URL: https://ijip.in/articles/relationship-of-parenting-styles-with-personality
Grolnick, W. S., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1997). Internalization within the family: The self-determination theory perspective. In I. E. Gruses & L. Kuczynski (Eds.), Parenting and children is Internalization of values: A Handbook of contemporary Theory (pp. 135-161). New York: Wiley. URL: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1997-36410-005
Guay, F., & Vallerand, R. (1997). Social context, student's  motivation and academic achievement: Toward a process model. Social Psychology of Education, 1, 211-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02339891
Hashemi, N. (2012). A Conceptual and Operational Model for Generating Interest in Research among Police Trainees. Educational Psychology, 8(23), 42-62 (In Persian). URL: https://jep.atu.ac.ir/article_2297.html?lang=en
Honeyman, M. S., & Miller, G. S. (1998). The effect of teaching approaches on achievement as satisfaction of field dependent and field independent learners in animal science. Journal of Animal Science, 76, 1710 -1715. https://doi.org/10.2527/1998.7661710x
Hydarzadeh, M., Mahram, B., & Kareshki, H. (2016). The role of perceived classroom evaluation structure and students' research orientation in their research motivation. Teaching and learning studies, 8(1), 50-68 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22099/jsli.2016.3824.
Khatib, M., & Hosseinpur, R. M. (2011). On the Validity of the Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT). Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2(3), 640-648. https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.2.3.640-648
Khosravipoor, B., & Rajabiangharib, F. (2019). The effect of emotional cognitive resources of research creativity on research motivation. Entrepreneurial Research Approaches in Agriculture, 2(1), 17-28 (In Persian). URL: https://eraa.asnrukh.ac.ir/article_96228.html
Kutner, M. H., Nachtsheim, C. J., Neter, J., & Li, W. (2004). Applied Linear Statistical Models. In Applied Linear Statistical Models (pp. 1396-1396).  URL: https://users.stat.ufl.edu/~winner/sta4211/ALSM_5Ed_Kutner.pdf
Linawati, L., Pathuddin, P., Mubarik, M., Sugita, G., Karniman, T. S., & Andriani, T. (2022, July). Misconception of Student: Difference Field Independent-Dependent Cognitive Style. In 2021 Tadulako’s International Conference on Social Sciences (TICoSS 2021) (pp. 59-63). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220707.014
Litalien, D., Gillet, N., Gagné, M., Ratelle, C. F., & Morin, A. J. (2019). Self-determined motivation profiles among undergraduate students: A robust test of profile similarity as a function of gender and age. Learning and Individual Differences, 70, 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2019.01.005
Mehrabi, G., Eydi, H., & Yazdani, F. (2017). An investigation of Factors Influencing Creating Research Morale in Physical Education Students in Iran. Journal of Sport Management, 9(1), 85-98 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22059/jsm.2017.62131
Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2016). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. Sage publications. URL: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2013-39233-000
Nimbalkar, A. V. (2021). A Study of Rated and Unrated Chess Players with Respect to Locus of Control and Field Independent-Dependent Cognitive Style. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 12(9), 7942-7949. URL: https://www.tojqi.net/index.php/journal/article/view/8789
Pintrich, P.R., & De Groot, E.V. (1990). Motivational and self - regulated learning components of classroom academic performance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 33-40. URL: https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/1990-21075-001
Pituch, K, A., & Stevens, J. P. (2016). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Routledge. URL: https://www.routledge.com/Applied-Multivariate-Statistics-for-the-Social-Sciences-Analyse
Pomerantz, E. M., & Grolnick, W. S. (2017). The role of parenting in children's motivation and competence: What underlies facilitative parenting? In A. J. Elliot, C. S. Dweck, & D. Yeager (EDs), Handbook of competence and motivation (2 nd Edition): Theory and Application (pp. 566-585). New York: Guilford Press. URL: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-17591-030
Riding, R., & Rayner, S. (2013). Cognitive styles and learning strategies: Understanding style differences in learning and behavior. David Fulton Publishers. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315068015
Robbins, R. J. (1994). An assessment of perceptions of parental autonomy support and control: Child and parent correlates. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, 1994. URL: https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1573105975582040960
Ryan, R. M., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2023). Self-determination theory: Metatheory, methods, and meaning. In the Oxford handbook of self-determination theory (p. 3). Oxford University Press. URL: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2023-65872-001
Salehi, M., Kareshki, H., & Ahanchian, M. R. (2015). Introduction validation of the motivation research scale in graduate students. Journal of Psychological Studies, 11(1), 51-74 (in Persian). https://doi.org/10.22051/psy.2015.1793
Samadieh, H., & Nasri, M. (2021). The explanation of students’ adjustment to university based on perceptions of parents: mediating mechanism of cognitive flexibility. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ), 10(7), 35-46 (in Persian). URL: http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2701-fa.html
Samadieh, H., Sadri, M., Heidari Jaghargh, K., & Esfalani, Y. (2023). The Relationship of Basic Needs Satisfaction in Friendship Relationships to Students' Academic Engagement during COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Sense of Belonging to University. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 21(2), 410-422. (in Persian). http://rbs.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1593-fa.html
Sikand, M., Arshad, R., Beniwal, R. P., Chandra, M., & Hiwale, S. (2019). Perceived parental style, cognitive style, and resilience in females with dissociative disorder in India. Indian journal of psychiatry, 61(2), 177-183. URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6425806/
Stavrulaki, E., Li, M., & Gupta, J. (2021). Perceived parenting styles, academic achievement, and life satisfaction of college students: the mediating role of motivation orientation. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 36, 693-717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-020-00493-2
Tanaka, J. S. (1987). How big is big enough? Sample size and goodness of fit in structural equation models with latent variables. Child development, 58, 134-146. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1130296
Tanhaye Reshvanloo, F., & Hejazi, E. (2010). The relationships among the perceived parenting styles, academic motivation and academic achievement in high school students. Teaching and Learning Research, 7(2), 1-14 (In Persian). URL: https://tlr.shahed.ac.ir/article_2229.html?lang=en
Tanhaye Reshvanloo, F., & Hejazi, E. (2021). Perceived parenting styles, academic achievement and academic motivation A causal model. International Journal of Education and Cognitive Sciences, 2(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.22034/injoeas.2021.161062
Tanhaye Reshvanloo, F., & Talepasand, S. (2018). Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of Perceptions of Parents Scale (POPS) in High school students. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ), 7(9), 265-290 (In Persian). URL: http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-761-en.html
Tanhaye Reshvanloo, F., Samadieh, H., Kareshki, H., Manouchehri, M., & Alizade , M (2019). Structural relationships between perceptions of parents, basic psychological needs and academic burnout in medical students. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 19, 542-553 (In Persian). URL: http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-4885-fa.html
Tatari, Y., Mahram, D. B., & Kareshki, H. (2016). The Role of Graduate Student's Perceptions of Curriculum Components in Predicting their Research Motivation. Journal of Higher Education Curriculum Stufies,5(10), 97-113 (In Persian). URL: https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.25382241.1393.5.10.7.2
Vansteenkiste, M., Soenens, B., & Ryan, R. M. (2023). Basic psychological needs theory: A conceptual and empirical review of key criteria. In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of self-determination theory (pp. 84–123). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197600047.013.5
Whittaker, T. A., & Schumacker, R. E. (2022). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling. Routledge. URL: https://www.routledge.com/A-Beginners-Guide-to-Structural-Equation-Modeling/Whittaker
Witkin, H. A., Moore, C. A., Goodenough, D. R., & Cox, P. W. (1977). Field-dependent and field-independent cognitive styles and their educational implications. Review of educational research, 47(1), 1-64. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543047001001
Witkin, H., Oltman, P., Raskin, E., & Karp, S. (1971). A manual for the Embedded Figures Test. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. URL: https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/
Zarbakhsh, M., Hassanzadeh, S., Abolghasemi, S., & Dinani, P. T. (2012). Relationship between perceived parenting styles and critical thinking with cognitive learning styles. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 2(10), 10007-100011. URL: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/documentef0cdf6aafc91db3c5a
Zhang, L. F. (2004). Field-dependence/independence: cognitive style or perceptual ability? validating against thinking styles and academic achievement. Personality and individual differences, 37(6), 1295-1311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.12.015
Zhang, L. F., & Sternberg, R. J. (2005). A threefold model of intellectual styles. Educational Psychology Review, 17, 1-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-005-1635-4