Recent Innovations in Psychology

Recent Innovations in Psychology

The Modeling of Occupational Burnout Based on Marital Conflict Mediated by Psychological Distress Among Oil Terminals Personnel in Kharg Island

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Leila Gharibi 1
Naser Amini 2
1 MSc. in Clinical Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
10.22034/rip.2025.497649.1078
Abstract
The present study aimed to model occupational burnout according to marital conflicts by the mediation of psychological distress among the personnel of oil terminals in Kharg Island, Iran. In a correlational study, 204 employees of the Kharg Island Oil Terminals were selected through a convenience sample in 2024 and completed the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) electronically. The findings indicated that the direct impact of marital conflict on psychological distress and the direct impact of psychological distress on burnout were statistically significant (P<0.05). However, the direct effect of marital conflict on burnout was not significant (P<0.05). Furthermore, psychological distress has been demonstrated to play a mediating role in the relationship between marital conflict and job burnout. It can be concluded that marital conflicts, due to their impact on psychological distress, lead to increased burnout in employees of the Kharg Island oil terminals. Consequently, the implementation of psychological interventions aimed at mitigating marital conflicts and ameliorating psychological distress among employees is recommended.
Keywords
marital conflict
occupational burnout
psychological distress

Subjects

References

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Arghavan, M. , Amini, A. and Alimohammadlou, M. (2022). Modeling the Factors Affecting the Work-family Conflict and its Indexes Using the Comprehensive Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Model. Journal of Public Administration, 14(3), 424-478. (In Persian).  https://doi.org/10.22059/jipa.2022.342270.3150  

Asadzadeh, A., Habi, M. B., Zaree Bahram Abadi, M., & Farhangi, A. (2022). The Appropriateness Please write the initials of the words in the topic with capital letters. Women and Family Studies, 14(54), 7-32 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30495/jwsf.2021.1908461.1493

Baquero, A. (2023). Hotel employees’ burnout and intention to quit: the role of psychological distress and financial well-being in a moderation mediation model. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13020084      

Belay, A. S., Guangul, M. M., Asmare, W. N., & Mesafint, G. (2021). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Psychological Distress among Nurses in Public Hospitals, Southwest, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional Study. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 31(6), 1247–1256.  https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v31i6.21

Budhi Alfiyyah Alyaa, Daud, I., Hendri, M.  I., Kalis, M. C. I., & Fahruna, Y. (2024). The effect of work-family conflict and work overload on turnover intention with job stress as mediation in state-owned enterprises employees. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(01), 184–200. URL: https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi/article/view/3429

Chung, G. S. K., Chan, X. W., Lanier, P., & Wong, P. Y. J. (2023). Associations between work–family balance, parenting stress, and marital conflicts during COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 32(1), 132-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02490-z

Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands–resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499

Dike, I. C., Onyishi, C. N., Adimora, D. E., Ugodulunwa, C. A., Adama, G. N., Ugwu, G. C., ... & Iremeka, F. U. (2021). Yoga complemented cognitive behavioral therapy on job burnout among teachers of children with autism spectrum disorders. Medicine, 100(22), e25801. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000025801

Firouzkouhi Moghaddam, B., Sanago Moharer, G., & Shirazi, M. (2024). Comparison of time pressure, job-related anxiety and job stress in Employees with job burnout and without job burnout of social security organization. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ), 13(1), 151-160 (In Persian). URL: https://frooyesh.ir/article-1-4224-en.html

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Huang, Y., Guo, H., Wang, S., Zhong, S., He, Y., Chen, H., ... & Wang, X. (2024). Relationship between work-family conflict and anxiety/depression among Chinese correctional officers: a moderated mediation model of burnout and resilience. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17514-6

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Kakolian, S., Mashayekh, M., Davaee, M., & Khosravi Babadi, A. A. (2024). The role of marital conflicts and marital expectations in predicting satisfaction with marital relations. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 10(2), 89-97 (In Persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.22034/IJRN.10.2.9

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Kulik, L., & Ramon, D. (2022). The relationship between family-work conflict and spousal aggression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Community, Work & Family, 25(2), 240-259.  https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2021.1985434

Lathabhavan, R., & Sudevan, S. (2022). The Impacts of Psychological Distress on Life Satisfaction and Wellbeing of the Indian General Population during the First and Second Waves of COVID-19: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–12.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00735-4

Lee, W. K., & Joo, Y. S. (2024). COVID‐19 stress, marital conflict, social capital, and parenting of preschoolers. Family Relations, 73(3), 1518-1535. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.13000

Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-u

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Nouraeinejad, A. (2024). Visuospatial abilities can be affected in healthcare workers due to job burnout. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 274(2), 471-472.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-023-01577-y

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References
Adanaqué-Bravo, I., Escobar-Segovia, K., Gómez-Salgado, J., García-Iglesias, J. J., Fagundo-Rivera, J., & Ruiz-Frutos, C. (2023). Relationship between psychological distress, burnout and work engagement in workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. International Journal of Public Health, 67, 1605605. https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1605605   
Alimoradi, Z., Broström, A., Tsang, H. W., Griffiths, M. D., Haghayegh, S., Ohayon, M. M., ... & Pakpour, A. H. (2021). Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its’ association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine, 36, 100916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100916
Arghavan, M. , Amini, A. and Alimohammadlou, M. (2022). Modeling the Factors Affecting the Work-family Conflict and its Indexes Using the Comprehensive Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Model. Journal of Public Administration, 14(3), 424-478. (In Persian).  https://doi.org/10.22059/jipa.2022.342270.3150  
Asadzadeh, A., Habi, M. B., Zaree Bahram Abadi, M., & Farhangi, A. (2022). The Appropriateness Please write the initials of the words in the topic with capital letters. Women and Family Studies, 14(54), 7-32 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30495/jwsf.2021.1908461.1493
Baquero, A. (2023). Hotel employees’ burnout and intention to quit: the role of psychological distress and financial well-being in a moderation mediation model. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13020084      
Belay, A. S., Guangul, M. M., Asmare, W. N., & Mesafint, G. (2021). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Psychological Distress among Nurses in Public Hospitals, Southwest, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional Study. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 31(6), 1247–1256.  https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v31i6.21
Budhi Alfiyyah Alyaa, Daud, I., Hendri, M.  I., Kalis, M. C. I., & Fahruna, Y. (2024). The effect of work-family conflict and work overload on turnover intention with job stress as mediation in state-owned enterprises employees. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(01), 184–200. URL: https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi/article/view/3429
Chung, G. S. K., Chan, X. W., Lanier, P., & Wong, P. Y. J. (2023). Associations between work–family balance, parenting stress, and marital conflicts during COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 32(1), 132-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02490-z
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands–resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499
Dike, I. C., Onyishi, C. N., Adimora, D. E., Ugodulunwa, C. A., Adama, G. N., Ugwu, G. C., ... & Iremeka, F. U. (2021). Yoga complemented cognitive behavioral therapy on job burnout among teachers of children with autism spectrum disorders. Medicine, 100(22), e25801. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000025801
Firouzkouhi Moghaddam, B., Sanago Moharer, G., & Shirazi, M. (2024). Comparison of time pressure, job-related anxiety and job stress in Employees with job burnout and without job burnout of social security organization. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ), 13(1), 151-160 (In Persian). URL: https://frooyesh.ir/article-1-4224-en.html
Haghparast Nasrabadi, E., Dozandeh, R., Jalalitabar, S., & Sohrabi, A. (2021). Investigating the Relationship between Positive Thinking Skills and Resilience on Couples' Marital Conflict during Social Distance. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 64(2), 3061-3069(In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2021.20116   
Huaman, N., Morales-García, W. C., Castillo-Blanco, R., Saintila, J., Huancahuire-Vega, S., Morales-García, S. B., Calizaya-Milla, Y. E., & Palacios-Fonseca, A. (2023). An explanatory model of work-family conflict and resilience as predictors of job satisfaction in nurses: The mediating role of work engagement and communication skills. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 14, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319231151380
Huang, Y., Guo, H., Wang, S., Zhong, S., He, Y., Chen, H., ... & Wang, X. (2024). Relationship between work-family conflict and anxiety/depression among Chinese correctional officers: a moderated mediation model of burnout and resilience. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17514-6
Jin, J., Yuan, G. F., & An, Y. (2024). Latent profiles and transition of job burnout and their relationship with dispositional mindfulness and reappraisal among firefighters in China. Personality and Individual Differences, 221, 112544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2024.112544
Kakolian, S., Mashayekh, M., Davaee, M., & Khosravi Babadi, A. A. (2024). The role of marital conflicts and marital expectations in predicting satisfaction with marital relations. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 10(2), 89-97 (In Persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.22034/IJRN.10.2.9
Keramati, R. (2024). The Mediating Role of Teaching Self-efficacy in the Relationship between Perceived School Stress and Job Burnout. Recent Innovations in Psychology, 1(1), 40-51 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22034/rip.2024.190534
Khazaei, A., Pouladi Rishehri, A., & Aynypour, J. (2025). The Mediating Role of Communication Beliefs and Marital Self-Regulation in the Relationship between the Dyadic Perspective Taking of the Spouse and Marital Conflicts. Journal of Applied Psychological Research, 16(1), 303-318 (In Persian).  https://doi.org/10.22059/japr.2023.355587.644546
Kulik, L., & Ramon, D. (2022). The relationship between family-work conflict and spousal aggression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Community, Work & Family, 25(2), 240-259.  https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2021.1985434
Lathabhavan, R., & Sudevan, S. (2022). The Impacts of Psychological Distress on Life Satisfaction and Wellbeing of the Indian General Population during the First and Second Waves of COVID-19: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–12.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00735-4
Lee, W. K., & Joo, Y. S. (2024). COVID‐19 stress, marital conflict, social capital, and parenting of preschoolers. Family Relations, 73(3), 1518-1535. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.13000
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-u
Lu, B., Sun, J., Sun, F., Yang, J., & Chen, B. B. (2024). The Association Between Marital Satisfaction and Parental Burnout: A Moderated Mediation Model of Parents’ and Grandparents’ Coparenting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02804-3
Lv, G., Li, J., Xu, Q., Zhang, H., Wu, W., Fan, X., ... & Liu, H. (2024). The influence of firefighters’ perceived stress on job burnout: A moderated mediation model. Current Psychology, 43(10), 8874-8884. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05069-z
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99-113. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397
Meena, P. S., Jain, M., & Dosodiya, Y. (2023). Marital Adjustment among Employed and Unemployed Women: A Study in Rajasthan. Annals of Psychaitry, 1(01), 20-24.  URL: http://www.annalsofpsyj.com/index.php/AOP/article/view/141
Moradian, S., & Isanejad, O. (2023). Investigating the relationship between family support and psychological distress mediated by psychological flexibility in high school students in online classes. Psychological Models and Methods, 14(51), 97-112 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30495/jpmm.2023.30859.3695
Mudallal, R. H., Othman, W. A. M., & Al Hassan, N. F. (2017). Nurses’ burnout: the influence of leader empowering behaviors, work conditions, and demographic traits. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 54, 0046958017724944. https://doi.org/10.1177/0046958017724944
Naeem, N., Sadia, R., Khan, S., & Fatima, Z. (2023). Parental burnout and marital satisfaction of married individuals during COVID-19: Role of gender and family system. Human Nature Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 151-160. https://doi.org/10.71016/hnjss/bh2q5513
Naseri, H. , Babakhani, V. , Amiri Majd, M. and Jafari, A. (2023). Comparing the effectiveness of McMaster's functional model and Gottman's cognitive-systemic model in marital conflicts and emotional divorce of divorce applicants. Journal of Applied Family Therapy, 4(1), 466-490. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.aftj.4.1.23
Nouraeinejad, A. (2024). Visuospatial abilities can be affected in healthcare workers due to job burnout. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 274(2), 471-472.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-023-01577-y
Postler, K. B., Helms, H. M., & Anastopoulos, A. D. (2022). Examining the linkages between marital quality and anxiety: A meta‐analytic review. Family Process, 61(4), 1456-1472. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12798
Ren, Z., Zhao, H., Zhang, X., Li, X., Shi, H., He, M., ... & Liu, H. (2023). Associations of job satisfaction and burnout with psychological distress among Chinese nurses. Current Psychology, 42(33), 29161-29171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-04006-w
Sadiq, M. (2022). Policing in pandemic: Is perception of workload causing work–family conflict, job dissatisfaction and job stress?. Journal of Public Affairs, 22(2), e2486. https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fpa.2486
Sanaei, B., Alakemand, S., Falahati, Sh., & Hooman, A. (2017). Family and Marriage Measurement Scales. Tehran: Besat Publications (In Persian). URL: https://h7.cl/1lPjj
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  • Receive Date 03 January 2025
  • Revise Date 24 January 2025
  • Accept Date 26 January 2025
  • First Publish Date 29 January 2025