The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the Cold and Hot Cognition Scale (CHCS) among university students. Employing a correlational design across three separate studies, a total of 352 students were recruited from Shahid Beheshti University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, and the University of Birjand in Iran. The preliminary version of the scale was developed based on theoretical foundations and prior empirical research. Content validity was assessed by fifteen subject-matter experts, with the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) yielding satisfactory levels. Exploratory factor analysis, in conjunction with parallel analysis, revealed a three-factor structure accounting for 51.72% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis further corroborated the adequate fit of the three-factor model. The reliability of the scale was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, with coefficients ranging from 0.62 to 0.93 for the cold and hot cognition subscales. Convergent and divergent validity were established through correlations with the Adult Executive Functioning Inventory (ADEXI), yielding a correlation coefficient of r = -0.40 for cold cognition and r = 0.44 for hot cognition. Based on the findings of the present study, the Cold and Hot Cognition Scale (CHCS) demonstrates satisfactory psychometric properties among university students and may serve as a valid instrument for use within this population.