نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on psychological capital and experiential avoidance among women headed households. The statistical population of this research consisted of women headed households who visited the counseling center of the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Bojnourd (a city in Iran) during the spring of 2024. A total of 30 women were selected through voluntary sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the waitlist control group. The experimental group underwent emotion regulation training (eight 90-minute sessions), while the waitlist control group received no intervention. Data collection was conducted using the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ). Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that emotion regulation training was effective in increasing psychological capital and reducing experiential avoidance among women headed households (p < 0.01), and this effect was maintained over time. Based on the findings of this study, it appears that enhancing the ability of women headed households to recognize, evaluate, and regulate emotions can increase their self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism while reducing their experiential avoidance. Accordingly, emotion regulation training can be included in the list of educational programs for women headed households.
کلیدواژهها English
References
Abasi, E., Fti, L., Molodi, R., & Zarabi, H. (2012). Psychometric properties of Persian Version of Acceptance and Action Questionnaire –II. Psychological Models and Methods, 10(3), 65-80 (In Persian). URL: https://jpmm.marvdasht.iau.ir/article_61.html
Amani, M., & Movadi, M. (2018). The Effectiveness of Emotional Regulation Skills Training on Emotional Regulation Strategies and Quality of Life in Family Head Females. Quarterly Journal of Woman and Society, 9(34), 1-18 (In Persian). URL: https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20088566.1397.9.34.1.7
Bardeen, J. R., & Fergus, T. A. (2016). The interactive effect of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance on anxiety, depression, stress and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Journal of contextual behavioral science, 5(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.02.002
Berman, N. C., Wheaton, M. G., McGrath, P., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2010). Predicting anxiety: The role of experiential avoidance and anxiety sensitivity. Journal of anxiety disorders, 24(1), 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.09.005
Bockorny, K., & Youssef-Morgan, C. M. (2019). Entrepreneurs’ courage, psychological capital, and life satisfaction. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 789. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00789
Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., Orcutt, H. K., ... & Zettle, R. D. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II: A revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behavior therapy, 42(4), 676-688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2011.03.007
Byrne, O., & Shepherd, D. A. (2015). Different strokes for different folks: Entrepreneurial narratives of emotion, cognition, and making sense of business failure. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 39(2), 375-405. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12046
Cramer, P. (2015). Understanding defense mechanisms. Psychodynamic psychiatry, 43(4), 523-552. https://doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2015.43.4.523
De Hoe, R., & Janssen, F. (2022). Re-creation after business failure: a conceptual model of the mediating role of psychological capital. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 842590. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.842590
Eifert, G. H., Forsyth, J. P., Arch, J., Espejo, E., Keller, M., & Langer, D. (2009). Acceptance and commitment therapy for anxiety disorders: Three case studies exemplifying a unified treatment protocol. Cognitive and behavioral practice, 16(4), 368-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.06.001
Esmaeelian, N., Dehghani, M., Akbari, F., & Hasanvand, M. (2016). Evaluation of psychometric and factor structural properties of Experiential Avoidance multidimensional questionnaire (short form). Thought and Behavior in Clinical Psychology, 10(39), 57-66 (In Persain). URL: https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/jtbcp/Article/1118328/FullText
Farokhi, E., & Sabzi, N. (2015). Happiness and perception of family communication patterns: the mediating role of psychological capital. Journal of developmental psychology, Iranian Psychologists, 11(43), 313-323 (In Persain). URL: https://journals.iau.ir/article_510846.html
Forohar, M., & Hovaida, R. (2011). Psychological capital and intraprunership among faculty members. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 2(8), 83-100 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22054/qccpc.2012.5946
Gong, Z., Chen, Y., & Wang, Y. (2019). The influence of emotional intelligence on job burnout and job performance: Mediating effect of psychological capital. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 486722. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02707
Gross, J. (2015). Handbook of Emotion Regulation. New York, Guilford Publications. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.031
Hajishabani, R., & Abdi, R. (2020). The role of experiential avoidance, mindfulness and anxiety sensitivity as transdiagnostic factors in prediction of emotional disorder. Clinical Psychology and Personality, 17(1), 203-212 (In Persain). https://doi.org/10.22070/cpap.2020.2897
Hayes, S. C., & Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2012). Acceptance and commitment therapy: The process and practice of mindful change. New York, NY: Guilford Press. URL: https://h7.cl/1gB5-
Haywood, S. B., Hasking, P., & Boyes, M. E. (2024). Untangling the link between experiential avoidance and non-suicidal self-injury: a multidimensional approach. Australian Journal of Psychology, 76(1), 2315951. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2024.2315951
Hosseini, S. H., & Azizi, M. (2016). Analysis of “Family Institution” Advocatory Policies in Islamic Republic of Iran. Journal of Woman and Family Studies, 4(1), 7-34 (In Persain). https://doi.org/10.22051/jwfs.2016.2338
Hübgen, S. (2018). ‘Only a husband away from poverty’? Lone mothers’ poverty risks in a European comparison (pp. 167-189). Springer International Publishing. URL: https://h7.cl/1gB5T
Judge, T. A., & Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D. (2011). Happiness as a societal value. Academy of management perspectives, 25(1), 30-41. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.25.1.30
Leahy, R. L., Tirch, D., & Napolitano, L. A. (2011). Emotion regulation in psychotherapy: A practitioner's guide. Guilford press. URL: https://books.google.com/books
Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., & Patera, J. L. (2008). Experimental analysis of a web-based training intervention to develop positive psychological capital. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 7(2), 209-221. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2008.32712618
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2006). Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge. Oxford university press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195187526.001.0001
Mahmoodi, F., & Sajadinezhad, M. S. (2022). Psychological well-being of employees: the role of Psychological capital and Satisfaction of basic needs. Positive Psychology Research, 8(3), 41-60 (In Persain). https://doi.org/10.22108/ppls.2022.133073.2285
Mikaeili, N., Narimani, M., & Marhamati, F. (2024). The Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation in the Relationship between Experiential Avoidance and Social Anxiety Symptoms in College Students: A Descriptive Study. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 22(10), 1037-1052 (In Persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/jrums.22.10.1037
Mohammad Panah Ardakan, A., Aryanpour, H. R., Faroughi, P., & Karimi, P. (2021). The effectiveness of emotion regulation on psychological capital and conflict resolution techniques in mothers with a physicaly disabled child. Yafte, 22(4), 67-83 (In Persain). URL: https://yafte.lums.ac.ir/article-1-3054-en.html
Mortelmans, D., & Defever, C. (2018). Income trajectories of lone parents after divorce: A view with Belgian register data. Lone parenthood in the life course, 191-211. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63295-7_9
Parker, C. P., Baltes, B. B., Young, S. A., Huff, J. W., Altmann, R. A., Lacost, H. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2003). Relationships between psychological climate perceptions and work outcomes: a meta‐analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 24(4), 389-416. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.198
Penrose, A., Perry, M. C., & Ball, I. (2007). Emotional intelligence and teacher self efficacy: The contribution of teacher status and length of experience. Issues in educational research, 17(1),107-126. URL: https://iier.org.au/iier17/penrose.html
Polizzi, C. P., & Lynn, S. J. (2021). Regulating emotionality to manage adversity: A systematic review of the relation between emotion regulation and psychological resilience. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10186-1
Preston, A. J., & Rew, L. (2022). Connectedness, self-esteem, and prosocial behaviors protect adolescent mental health following social isolation: a systematic review. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 43(1), 32-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2021.1948642
Salehi, S., Nourian, M., & Fathi, L. (2022). Research Synthesis of the Educational Needs of Female-Headed Households. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, 20(2), 157-182 (In Persain). URL: https://sjsph.tums.ac.ir/article-1-6137-en.html
Shafiee, A. M., Abbasi, G., & Fakhri, M. K. (2021). The Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Group Training on Death Anxiety and Nurses' Experiential Avoidance. Islamic Studies, 5(2), 89-102 (In Persian). URL: https://ish.tums.ac.ir/article_40291.html
Shameli, L., Mehrabizadeh Honarmand, M., Naa'mi, A., Davodi, I. (2019). The Effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Therapy on Emotion Regulation Styles and Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Women With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 24(4), 356-369 (In Persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijpcp.24.4.456
Troy, A. S., Willroth, E. C., Shallcross, A. J., Giuliani, N. R., Gross, J. J., & Mauss, I. B. (2023). Psychological resilience: an affect-regulation framework. Annual review of psychology, 74(1), 547-576. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-020122-041854
Zabet, M., Karami, J., & Yazdanbakhsh, K. (2021). The Effectiveness of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Training on Experiential l Avoidance of Women with Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder. Journal of Psychological Studies, 17(1), 129-144 (In Persain). https://doi.org/10.22051/psy.2021.32049.2267
Zare, F., Manshaei, G., & Keshti Arai, N. (2023). Efficiency of Psychological Empowerment Training on Self-Worth and Psychological Capitals in Family-Headed Women. Journal of Applied Psychological Research, 14(1), 195-210 (In Persain). https://doi.org/10.22059/japr.2023.328890.643947
