نوآوری های اخیر در روان‌شناسی

نوآوری های اخیر در روان‌شناسی

مدل ساختاری گرایش به خودشیفتگی بر اساس آسیب‌های دوران کودکی و کیفیت روابط بین فردی با نقش واسطه‌ای احساس کهتری

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
راضیه همتی 1
جمشید رحیمی 2
1 کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، واحد علوم پزشکی قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران
2 دکتری تخصصی روان‌پزشکی ، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان ، اصفهان ، ایران
10.22034/rip.2025.518873.1097
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی برازش مدل گرایش به خودشیفتگی بر اساس آسیب‌های دوران کودکی و کیفیت روابط بین‌فردی با نقش واسطه‌ای احساس کهتری انجام شد. این پژوهش از نظر هدف بنیادی و از نظر روش از نوع مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری بود. تعداد 200 نفر از دانش‌آموزان دوره دوم متوسطه شهرستان کوهدشت در سال تحصیلی 1404-1403 با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. گردآوری داده‌ها با پرسشنامه آسیب‌های دوران کودکی (CTQ)، سیاهه کیفیت روابط (QRI)، شاخص مقایسه‌ای احساس کهتری (CFII) و سیاهه شخصیت خودشیفته (NPI) انجام شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری با رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزئی (PLS-SEM) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که مدل پیشنهادی از برازش مناسبی برخوردار است. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان دهنده اثرات مستقیم ترومای کودکی و کیفیت روابط بین فردی بر احساس کهتری معنادار بود (0.01>P). اما نقش واسطه‌ای احساس کهتری در رابطه‌ آسیب‌های دوران کودکی و کیفیت روابط بین‌فردی با گرایش به خودشیفتگی تأیید نشد (0.05<P). به نظر می‌رسد متغیرهای دیگری بجز احساس کهتری در این زمینه نقش واسطه‌ای دارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
احساس حقارت
ترومای کودکی
خودشیفتگی
کیفیت روابط بین فردی
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Structural Model of Narcissistic Tendencies Based on Childhood Trauma and the Quality of Interpersonal Relationships with the Mediating Role of Inferiority Feelings

نویسندگان English

Razieh Hemmati 1
Jamshid Rahimi 2
1 MSc. in Clinical Psychology, Qom Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
2 PhD. in Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده English

The present study aimed to examine the goodness-of-fit of a model of narcissistic tendencies based on childhood trauma and the quality of interpersonal relationships, with the mediating role of inferiority feelings. This research is fundamental in terms of its objective and employs structural equation modeling as its methodology. A total of 200 high school students from Kuhdasht County (a city in Iran) were selected using convenience sampling during the 2024–2025 academic year. Data collection was conducted using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Quality of Relationships Inventory (QRI), the Comparative Feelings of Inferiority Index (CFII), and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling with the Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) approach. The results indicated that the proposed model demonstrated a good fit. The findings revealed significant direct effects of childhood trauma and interpersonal relationship quality on inferiority feelings (P< 0.01). Nevertheless, the mediating role of inferiority feelings in the associations of childhood trauma and interpersonal relationship quality with narcissistic tendencies was not substantiated (P> 0.05). This suggests that variables other than inferiority feelings may serve as mediators in this context.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

childhood trauma
inferiority feeling
narcissistic tendencies
interpersonal relationship quality
ابراهیمی، حجت‌الله.، دژکام، محمود.، و ثقه الاسلام، طاهره. (1392). تروماهای دوران کودکی و اقدام به خودکشی در بزرگسالی. مجلۀ روان‌پزشکی و روان‌شناسی بالینی ایران،  19(4)، 275-282. URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2090-fa.html
اسدی، فروغ.، خدابخش پیرکلانی، روشنک.، و مهری نژاد، سیدابوالقاسم. (1401). نقش خودتنظیمی هیجانی، مکانیسم‌های دفاعی و خودشناسی انسجامی در پیش‌بینی کیفیت روابط بین فردی دانشجویان. پژوهش‌های نوین روان‌شناختی، 17(67)، 1-11. https://doi.org/10.22034/jmpr.2022.15314
صفائیان، الهه.، خسروی، زهره.، فرح بیجاری، اعظم.، و زهرائی، شقایق. (1402). بررسی پدیدارشناسانه تجربه روابط بین فردی در افراد مبتلا به اختلال شخصیت خودشیفته آسیب پذیر.  پژوهش در سلامت روانشناختی، 17(3)، 75-60. URL: https://rph.khu.ac.ir/article-1-4326-fa.html
صمدیان، شیما.، باقریان، فاطمه.، و عسگری، علی. (1396). اعتباریابی، رواسازی و هنجارسازی شاخص مقایسه‌ای احساس کهتری. روان‌شناسی کاربردی، 11(2)، 120-103. URL: https://apsy.sbu.ac.ir/article_96792.html
کرمانیان، سحر.، گلشنی، فاطمه.،  باغداساریانس، آنیتا.، و جمهری، فرهاد. (1402). تدوین مدل ساختاری خودشیفتگی بر اساس تروماهای اوایل زندگی، عملکرد خانواده و شیوه‌های فرزندپروری ادراک شده مادر با میانجیگری دشواری تنظیم هیجان و کمال گرایی. پژوهش های روانشناسی اجتماعی، 13(50)، 109-93. https://doi.org/10.22034/spr.2023.394200.1834
لرزنگنه، سارا.، و سلیمانی، اسماعیل. (1401). بررسی مدل روابط ساختاری ترومای کودکی و تحریفات شناختی با اختلال شخصیت خودشیفته: با میانجی‌گری طرحواره های ناسازگار اولیه. مطالعات روان‌شناسی بالینی، 13(48)، 108-85. https://doi.org/10.22054/jcps.2023.58635.2508
محمدزاده، علی.، جعفری، عیسی.، احمدی طهور سلطانی، محسن.، و اکبرزاده، داوود. (1393). بررسی رگه‌های خودشیفتگی و احساس کهتری در بیماران داوطلب جراحی زیبایی. مجله علوم رفتاری، 8(3)، 218-213. URL: https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67876.html
 
 
Adler, A. (1927). Understanding human nature. Greenberg Publisher. URL: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/54878
Akbudak, M., Belli, H. & Gökçay, H. (2025). Jinn-possession with psychosis, childhood traumatic experiences, and dissociation; a comparison with schizophrenia in the Southeastern region of Türkiye. BMC Psychol 13, 1059. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03434-0
Ames, D. R., Rose, P., & Anderson, C. P. (2006). The NPI-16 as a short measure of narcissism. Journal of research in personality, 40(4), 440-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.002
Asadi, F., Khodabakhsh Pirkalani, R., & Mehrinezhad, S. A. (2022). The Role of Emotional Self-Regulation Strategies, Defense Mechanisms and Integrative Self-Knowledge in Predicting Quality of Interpersonal Relationships. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 17(67), 1-11 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22034/jmpr.2022.15314
Baroncelli, C. M. C., Lodder, P., van der Lee, M., & Bachrach, N. (2025). The role of enmeshment and undeveloped self, subjugation and self-sacrifice in childhood trauma and attachment related problems: The relationship with self-concept clarity. Acta psychologica, 254, 104839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104839
Basyouni, R., & Parkinson, C. (2022). Mapping the social landscape: tracking patterns of interpersonal relationships. Trends in cognitive sciences, 26(3), 204–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.12.006
Bellehumeur-Béchamp, L., Legendre, M., & Bégin, C. (2024). From Childhood Interpersonal Trauma to Binge Eating in Adults: Unraveling the Role of Personality and Maladaptive Regulation. Nutrients, 16(24), 4427. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244427
Bernstein, D. P., Stein, J. A., Newcomb, M. D., Walker, E., Pogge, D., Ahluvalia, T., ... & Zule, W. (2003). Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child abuse & neglect, 27(2), 169-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00541-0
Bertele, N., Talmon, A., & Gross, J. J. (2022). Childhood maltreatment and narcissism: The mediating role of dissociation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(11-12), NP9525–NP9547.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260520984404
Bethell, C., Jones, J., Gombojav, N., Linkenbach, J., & Sege, R. (2019). Positive Childhood Experiences and Adult Mental and Relational Health in a Statewide Sample: Associations Across Adverse Childhood Experiences Levels. JAMA pediatrics, 173(11), e193007. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3007
Burns, L., Weissensteiner, J. R., & Cohen, M. (2019). Supportive interpersonal relationships: a key component to high-performance sport. British journal of sports medicine, 53(22), 1386–1389. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-100312
Čekrlija, Đ., Dinić, B. M., & Rokvić, N. M. (2023). Relationship between the inferiority and superiority complex and the Big Five and Dark Triad traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 206, 112136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112136
Chambers M. (2018). Interpersonal relationships and communication as a gateway to patient and public involvement and engagement. Health expectations: an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 21(2), 407–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12683
Ebrahimi, H., Dejkam, M., & Seghatoleslam, T. (2014). Childhood Traumas and Suicide Attempt in adulthood. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 19(4), 275-282 (In Persian). URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2090-en.html
Edwards, E. R., Tran, H., Wrobleski, J., Rabhan, Y., Yin, J., Chiodi, C., Goodman, M., & Geraci, J. (2022). Prevalence of Personality Disorders Across Veteran Samples: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of personality disorders, 36(3), 339–358. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2022.36.3.339
Ellison, W. D., Acuff, M. C., Kealy, D., Joyce, A. S., & Ogrodniczuk, J. S. (2020). Narcissism and Quality of Life: The Mediating Role of Relationship Patterns. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 208(8), 632–638. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000001188
Garofalo, C., & Velotti, P. (2019). Pathological narcissism and aggression: The mediating effect of difficulties in the regulation of negative emotions. Personality and Individual Differences, 143, 90–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.014
Ge, Y., & Zhang, M. (2024). Interpersonal relationships and suicidal ideation among Chinese youths: A network analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 354, 267–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.062
Hair, J. F., Jr., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. URL: https://catalog.library.tamu.edu/Record/in00004388201/Description#tabnav
Jojan, L., & Carroll, K. (2025). Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations: Scholarly Practice. Nursing science quarterly, 38(1), 27–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/08943184241291544
Karantzas, G. C., Simpson, J. A., & Pizzirani, B. (2022). The loss of humanness in close relationships: An interpersonal model of dehumanization. Current Opinion in Psychology, 46, 101317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101317
Kermanian, S., Golshani, F., Baghdasarians, A., & Jomehri, F. (2023). Explaining the Model of Narcissism Personality Based on early life traumas, Family Functioning, and Mother's Conceptual Mentality Perceived Parenting Styles with The Mediating Role of Perfectionism and Emotion Regulation Difficulties. Social Psychology Research, 13(50), 93-109 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22034/spr.2023.394200.1834
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press. URL: https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=3VauCgAAQBAJ
Lavvaf, S., Bagheri-Nesami, M., Nasiri, M., & Hosseini, S. H. (2025). Childhood trauma and Axis I disorders in borderline personality disorder: a correlational study. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 32, 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-025-00511-3
Lorzangeneh, S., & Soleimani, E. (2022). Investigating the Structure of Structural Relationships between Childhood Trauma and Cognitive Distortions with Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Mediated by Early maladaptive Schemas. Clinical Psychology Studies, 13(48), 85-108 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22054/jcps.2023.58635.2508
Mohammadzadeh, A. (2009). Iranian validation of the narcissistic personality inventory-16. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 11(44), 81-274. https://doi.org/10.22038/jfmh.2009.1131
Mohammadzadeh, A., Jafari, E., Ahmadi Tahoorsoltani, M., & Akbarzadeh, D. (2014). Studying narcissistic traits and inferiority feelings among patients seeking cosmetic surgery. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 8(3), 213-218 (In Persian). URL: https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67876.html
Nelson, S. M., Griffin, C. A., Hein, T. C., Bowersox, N., & McCarthy, J. F. (2022). Personality disorder and suicide risk among patients in the veteran’s affairs health system. Personality disorders, 13(6), 563–571. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000521
Pierce, G. R., Sarason, I. G., & Sarason, B. R. (1991). General and relationship-based perceptions of social support: Are two constructs better than one? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(6), 1028–1039. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.6.1028
Pituch, K. A., & Stevens, J. P. (2016). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences: Analyses with SAS and IBM's SPSS (6th ed.). Routledge. URL: https://www.routledge.com/9780415836661
Safaeian, E., Khosravi, Z., Farah Bijari, A., Zahraei, Sh. (2023). Phenomenological investigation of the experience of interpersonal relationships in people with vulnerable narcissistic personality disorder, Journal of Research in Psychological Health, 17(3), 60-75 (In Persian). URL: https://rph.khu.ac.ir/article-1-4326-fa.html
Samadian, S., Bagheryan, F., & Asgari, A. (2017). Reliability, validity and standardization the comparative index of inferiority feeling. Applied Psychology, 11(2), 103-120 (In Persian). URL: https://apsy.sbu.ac.ir/article_96792.html?lang=en
Schmidt, L., Dominguez-Ruiz, A., Meller, T., & Nenadić, I. (2025). The interrelation of emotion regulation, anterior insula structure, and narcissistic traits. Journal of affective disorders, 385, 119342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.05.002
Seidman, G., & Chopik, W. J. (2026). From Spark to Strain? Changes in Relationship Satisfaction as a Function of Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry. Journal of Personality. Published online March 25, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.70065 
Spagnolo, G., Ferrarese, D., Di Vincenzo, F. et al. (2026). Adverse Childhood Experiences and Disease Activity Are Associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Crohn’s Disease. Advances in Therapy, 1-11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-026-03587-3
Tanzilli, A., Boldrini, T., Carone, N., Gualco, I., Lingiardi, V., & Williams, R. (2023). Patient personality dimensions, relational patterns and therapeutic alliance in clinical practice: An empirical investigation. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 30(1), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2779
Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V. E., Chatelin, Y. M., & Lauro, C. (2005). PLS path modeling. Computational statistics & data analysis, 48(1), 159-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2004.03.005
Toribio-Flórez, D., Green, R., Sutton, R. M., & Douglas, K. M. (2023). Does Belief in Conspiracy Theories Affect Interpersonal Relationships?. The Spanish journal of psychology, 26, e9. https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2023.8
Tzouvara, V., Kupdere, P., Wilson, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, A., & Foye, U. (2023). Adverse childhood experiences, mental health, and social functioning: A scoping review of the literature. Child abuse & neglect, 139, 106092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106092
Umar, M., Mustajab, M., Fatima, Z. et al. (2025). The impact of adverse childhood experiences in the development of post-traumatic stress disorder in adults over 18 years of age: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry 25, 759. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07090-x
Walker, H. E., Wamser-Nanney, R. A., & Howell, K. H. (2022). Relationships between childhood interpersonal trauma, religious coping, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and resilience. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(13-14), NP11296–NP11314. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260521991883
Wallick, A., Ward, R. N., Levendosky, A. A., Brown, L. M., & Yalch, M. M. (2022). Incremental Influence of Betrayal Trauma and Personality Traits on PTSD Symptoms. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 23(4), 356–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2021.1989119
Wurst, S. N., Gerlach, T. M., Dufner, M., Rauthmann, J. F., Grosz, M. P., Küfner, A. C., Denissen, J. J., & Back, M. D. (2017). Narcissism and romantic relationships: The differential impact of narcissistic admiration and rivalry. Journal of personality and social psychology, 112(2), 280–306. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000113
Yalch, M. M., Snyder, K., Hujing, C. L., & Torres, A. N. (2024). Influence of Betrayal Trauma on Schizotypal Personality Pathology. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 25(3), 366–378. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2022.2120153
Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Mi, S., & Guo, C. (2026). Associations between interpersonal mindfulness, emotion regulation, and peer relationships among Chinese adolescents: A network analysis. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 13(1), 151. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-026-02057-1

  • تاریخ دریافت 04 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 06 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 08 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 01 فروردین 1405